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Quantum Design Oxford - ProteoxQX - Cryofree® Dilution Refrigerator Platform for Large-Scale Quantum Computing

Cryofree® Dilution Refrigerator Platform for Large-Scale Quantum Computing

Proteox®QX

ProteoxQX is a uniquely extensible, connectable cryogenic platform for quantum computing implementation at data centre scale, providing configurable cooling power distributed across stages to match the customer's quantum stack architecture.

A patented design with rectangular footprint enables both efficient space usage and inter-connectivity of units, with not only contiguous vacuum space but inter-connected cold stages. Intermediate cooling "slices" can be interposed between ProteoxQX system units to provide additional cooling.

A Unique Architecture Scaling Pathway

ProteoxQX benefits from Quantum Design Oxford's unique Secondary Insert scaling pathway that follows customers' development and growth roadmaps by allowing prototyping and scale-up across the ProteoxMX, LX and QX families. By having the complete customer wiring pack mounted on the removable Secondary Insert (SI), seamless transfer of wiring packs from one platform to another enables highly efficient design iteration, validation and troubleshooting.

The self-supporting Secondary Insert design further allows off-system wiring and pre-testing, and simplicity of loading and unloading to the system.

ProteoxQX Secondary Insert capacity
Insert Scaling Across Proteox Platforms
  ProteoxMX ProteoxLX ProteoxQX
Number of Secondary Inserts: One Two Four (4SI)
Six (6SI)

Secondary Insert Capacity

  • Up to 100 SMA-connected semi-rigid coax output lines with standard in-line low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) and isolators/circulators
  • Up to 832 UT034 or UT047 lines
  • Compatible with all current OEM semi-rigid and flexible coax solutions

Configured to Customer Architecture

The uniquely modular design of ProteoxQX means that implemented systems are configured to the customer's stack architecture needs.

Cooling power distribution is configured from pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) stages at 40 (PT1) and 4 Kelvin (PT2), intermediate stages at 0.7 Kelvin (still) and 100 millikelvin (cold plate), to the dilution unit mixing chamber stage at < 10 millikelvin.

A ProteoxQX system may therefore be modularly configured by selecting the number and power of the PTRs, whether to retain a dedicated 1 K stage, and the number and placement of dilution units. The directly controllable cooling power on different stages reduces the number of PTRs required to cool down the system itself.

Typical Example Configurations Using Alternative Dilution Unit Thermal Connectivity

  • 3 x dilution units thermally connected to mixing chamber plate
  • 2 x dilution units connected to mixing chamber plate + 1 x dilution unit connected to cold plate
  • 1 x dilution unit connected to mixing chamber plate + 1 x dilution unit connected to cold plate + 1 x dilution unit connected to the still plate
Selected cooling capacities available to customer architecture
(net of refrigerator platform loads):
  ProteoxQX 4SI ProteoxQX 6SI
Pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) number 3 to 4 of typically 2.0 to 5.0 W each 5 to 8 of typically 2.0 to 5.0 W each
100 mK 2550 µW
20 mK 75 µW

Subject to configuration and selection of cooling power targeting. Cooling powers are intrinsically interdependent and respective maximum cooling power is not available simultaneously at all stages.

Our Quantum Design Oxford system engineering team and cryogenic specialists work closely – and confidentially – with each customer to define system performance requirements and map these to the optimal cooling configuration.

Quantum Design Oxford ProteoxQX

Two ProteoxQX 4SI connected units. Renders used to protect customer confidentiality. Connected ProteoxQX 6SI units are shown in our March 2026 blog.

Extensible and Connectable

Connection and extension of ProteoxQX system units is at the heart of its concept and design – and the full-performance connection of two ProteoxQX 6SI units has already been proven in practice as shown in our March 2026 blog. This means that a ProteoxQX installation can be extended in the field to fit with the scale-up roadmap and investment profile, or indeed down-scaled and separated if necessary, protecting customer investment.

Our unique and patent-protected1 ProteoxQX technology enables connection not only of vacuum vessels to form a single multi-system contiguous vacuum space, but also of the multiple cold plates of the dilution refrigerator. This can make square-metres of cold real estate available, including at millikelvin temperature, allowing QPU interconnection without having to route wiring outside of the cryostat to ambient, room temperature connections between systems. Read more in our June 2025 blog.

1US patent no. 12,320,557 B2

Quantum Design Oxford ProteoxQX

Full Cold Space and Wiring Stack Accessibility for Development and Servicing

ProteoxQX is designed with front and back wide opening doors and fully removable thermal shields for complete cold space and quantum processor unit (QPU) access during development, and for servicing in commercial data centre implementation.

With QPU wiring carried on multiple Secondary Inserts, removing or replacing a wiring stack for off-line iteration or troubleshooting is straightforward and time-saving.

Future-Proofed Cryogenic Scalability

If you are uncertain about future intersecting QC technologies or the scale-up roadmap of your system design, ProteoxQX protects your investment. An existing ProteoxQX system can be upgraded in the field to integrate modular cooling expansions via additional PTR "slices", or non-PTR cooling power units.

Such additional "slices" also give uninterrupted operation, with thermal stability and serviceability.

Intuitive GUI and Software Control

DECS is the web-based secure software platform used across Quantum Design Oxford products, providing a universal suite for instrument monitoring and control, and configured to industry-standard, ISO-compliant interfaces for Proteox platforms in a commercial setting.

Key DECS Advantages

  • Secure, web-based, platform-independent control software locally hosted on the system's embedded Linux – no disruption from OS updates
  • Connect with any machine on the same secure customer network
  • Session manager with settable user privileges
  • Software and hardware safety interlocks protect the system from mis-operation
  • Secure database for logging system data with system data export as .csv for offline analysis
  • Fully automated functions, for example automatic mixture compressor bypass at low flow rates increases service interval
  • Clearly displayed system behaviour and monitoring via built-in data visualisation and pre-configured dashboards that display software events and key system metrics

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